ABSTRACT
Abstract Background: Despite the criteria already established for the classification of knee osteoarthritis (OA), a radiographic and/or clinical knee OA diagnosis usually occurs in cases of fully manifest or more advanced disease, which can make health promotion, prevention, and functional rehabilitation in more advanced stages of the disease less effective. In addition, radiographic knee OA can generate more financial costs for health services. Therefore, developing and validating screening instruments to assess the probability of development and progression of knee OA would be of great value for both clinical practice and science. Objective: To cross-culturally adapt and investigate the measurement properties of the Knee OA Pre-screening Questionnaire Brazilian version. Methods: A total of 250 individuals of both sexes aged between 35 and 92 years [(mean (standard deviation): 63 (11) years old; 74.1 (15.1) kg; 1.59 (0.09) m; 29.38 (5.44) kg/m2] participated in this study. The cross-cultural adaptation and analyses of the measurement properties of the KOPS Brazilian version included: (1) assessment of conceptual and item equivalence; (2) assessment of semantic equivalence; (3) assessment of operational equivalence; and (4) assessment of measurement equivalence, reliability, and validity. Results: Cronbach's alpha for the internal consistency among the six components of the KOPS Brazilian version was 0.71. The test-retest 72 h apart for each component resulted in a coefficient correlation intraclass ranging from 0.74 to 1.00. The probability of an individual randomly chosen from the population having KL ≥ 1 and KOPS Brazilian version ≥ 21 points was 0.74 (area under the curve of the Receiver Operating Characteristic - AUC of ROC); furthermore, the AUC for KL ≥ 2 and the KOPS Brazilian version ≥ 23 points was 0.77. Conclusion: The KOPS Brazilian version is a reliable and valid instrument for early screening of knee OA in individuals aged 35 years and over in the Brazilian context.
ABSTRACT
The influence of biological maturation and physical activity (PA) on the differences of body composition in adolescents have been little studied. The purpose of this study was to examine if PA and maturity status were sex-specific determinant factors in the adolescents' body composition. Ninety-four adolescents (50 boys and 44 girls) were evaluated. All anthropometric measures were obtained according to ISAK procedures, bone age was estimated by the TW3 method, and PA was assessed with Actigraph (r) GT1M, over seven consecutive days. Maturity status explained 33% of the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and 31% of the sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) in boys. In girls, maturity status explained 27% of the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), moderate PA explained 17% of the BMI and 12% of the WC, and moderate to vigorous PA explained 11% of the SAD. These results seem to indicate that the determinant factors of the adolescents' body composition are sex-specific. Maturity status was the main predictive factor in boys and interacted with PA in girls. Our findings support the evidence that researchers need to consider biological maturity when explaining body composition changes in adolescents.
A influência da maturação biológica e atividade física (AF) nas diferenças de composição corporal em adolescentes tem sido pouco estudada. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar se, na composição corporal dos adolescentes, a AF e a maturidade eram fatores determinantes específicos do sexo. Foram avaliados noventa e quatro adolescentes (50 meninos e 44 meninas). Todas as medidas antropométricas foram obtidas de acordo com os procedimentos do ISAK, a idade óssea foi estimada pelo método TW3 e a AF foi avaliada com o Actigraph (r) GT1M, durante sete dias consecutivos. A maturidade explicou 33% do índice de massa corporal (IMC) e da circunferência da cintura (CC) e 31% do diâmetro abdominal-sagital (DAS), nos rapazes. Nas raparigas, a maturidade explicou 27% do índice cintura-anca (ICA), a AF moderada explicou 17% do IMC e 12% da CC e, a AF moderada-a-vigorosa explicou 11% do DAS. Estes resultados parecem indicar que os fatores determinantes da composição corporal dos adolescentes são específicos do sexo. A maturidade foi o principal fator preditivo nos rapazes e, em conjunto com a AF moderada, nas raparigas. Os nossos resultados suportam a evidência de que os investigadores precisam considerar a maturidade biológica quando explicam as alterações da composição corporal nos adolescentes.